A Survey of Cross Country Generation Mix – Opportunities and Challenges: Bangladesh, Australia, and the U.S.A. Perspectives

Abstract

Optimal electricity generation mix profile is one of the influential elements need to be considered for the economic growth of a country. This paper represents a survey of generation mix data in Bangladesh, Australia, and the USA. Overall power generation scenarios among these countries with different representative economic scale are critically reviewed. These countries follow a different kind of generation mix trend to meet their present and future demand. The study found some challenging factors and various obstacles in electricity generation to meet demand. The decreasing use of fossil fuel resources, environmental constrict, and the high cost of electricity production – a few dominant factors. Though developed countries like Australia and the USA are emphasizing renewable energy over fossil fuel-based resources and they are producing a big amount of electricity from renewable resources. However, renewable raises uncertainty in the system operation in proportion to the level of penetration. In fact, fossil fuel resources are depleting day by the day hence renewable energy will lead future electricity sector. Nevertheless, developing countries like Bangladesh is not producing electricity from renewable resources that much compared to developed countries. One common aspect found that the dependency on the gas-based power plant and renewable energy is increasingly rising. This study shows how a developing country and developed countries handling their electricity generation and price sector using various fuel sources that can help other countries to design their generation policy framework.